OPTIMIZATION RESEARCHES / OPERATING SYSTEM MCQS

 

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OPERATING SYSTEM

MOST IMPORTANT           SANFOUNDRY                                      👉CLICK HERE 

BASIC MCQS OF INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEM    CLICK HERE

100 OS MCQS CLICK HERE

An operating system provides a platform on which other applications programs can be installed. It also provides the environment within which programs are executed. It can be termed as a program or system software that acts as an intermediary between user and hardware.

Resource Manager/Allocator - It manages the system resources in an unbiased fashion in both hardware(mainly CPU time, memory, system buses) and software(access, authorization, semaphores) and provides the functionality to application programs.

Operating System controls and coordinates the use of resources among various application programs.

Computer Hardware - CPU, Memory units, I/O devices, system bus, registers, etc, provides the basic computing resources.

System and Application Programs - Defines the way in which these resources are used to solve the computing problems of the user.

MEMORY MANAGEMENT  :::   CLICK HERE

Functions of Operating System

• Process Management
• Memory Management
• I/O device management
• File Management
• Network Management
• Security and Protection

Types of Operating Systems

Batch Operating System

• To speed up the processing job with similar types, the tasks are batched together and were run through the processor as a group batch.
• In some operating systems, grouping is done by the operator while in some systems, it is performed by the Batch Monitor resisted in the low end of the main memory.
• The jobs are bundled into batches with similar requirements.
• Then the submitted jobs were grouped as FORTRAN jobs, COBOL jobs, etc.

Multiprogramming Operating System

• A single program cannot, in general, keep either the CPU or the I/O devices busy all times. The basic idea of a multiprogramming operating system is it keeps several jobs in the main memory simultaneously.
• The OS picks and begins to execute one of the jobs in memory. Eventually, the jobs may have to wait for some task, such as an I/O operation, to complete.

Multitasking Operating System

• In the modern OS, we are able to play MP3 music, edit documents, surf the web all running at the same time.
• For multitasking to take place, firstly there should be multiprogramming i.e. presence of multiple programs for execution. And secondly the concept of time-sharing.

Real-Time Operating System

• A real-time system is a time-bound system that has well-defined fixed time constraints. Processing must be done within the defined constraints or the system will fail.
• RTOS is intended to serve real-time applications that process data as it comes in, typically without buffer delays. It is used in an environment where a large number of events must be accepted and processed in a short time.

CPU SCHEDULING  CLICK HERE  

LINUX :-

BASIC LINUX MCQS  CLICK HERE 

COMMANDS MCQS  CLICK HERE

1. Linux is a popular operating system for PC users all over the world
2.  It is an independent portable operating system.
3.  It is a multitasking Operating System and it includes virtual memory shared library, memory management, TCP/IP networking features, and also includes features of a commercial OS.
4. Linux distribution is an operating system that is made up of a collection of software based on the Linux Kernel or you can say distribution contains the Linux Kernel and software supporting libraries. 

   Features of Linux:

1. It is a multi-user operating system
2. It is multitasking open wisdom
3.  It is a highly secure operating system
4.  It can be freely distributed or downloaded it
5.  It has a portable OS that done with the Spark Alpha processor
6.  Virtual memory provided a technique like a swap in and swap out.

Kernel:

The kernel is the core of the Linux-based operating system. It virtualizes the common hardware resources of the computer to provide each process with its virtual resources. This makes the process the same as if it is the sole process running on the machine. the kernel is also responsible for preventing and mediating conflicts between different processes.

Types of kernels:

• Monolithic kernel
• Hybrid Karnal
• Exo kernel
• Microkernel 

System library: It is the special types of function that are used to implement the functionality of the operating system.

Shell: It is an interface to the kernel which hides the complexity of the kernel function from the user.  it takes commands from the user and executes the kernel functions.

Hardware Layer: This layer consists of all peripheral devices like RAM, HDD, CPU, etc.

 

Advantages of Linux:

• The main advantage of Linux is it is an open-source operating system. This means that this source code is easily available for everyone and you are allowed to contribute, modify and distribute the code to anyone without any permission.
• In terms of security, Linux is more secure than any other operating system.
• It has large community support.
• It provides high stability. it really slows down on freezes and there is no need to reboot it after a short time.
• It is network friendly.
•  It maintains the privacy of the user.

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